In recent ten years there is a reduction of cattle numbers and decreasing production and consumption of beef in the Czech Republic, which has reached its historical minimum. Constantly rising consumer prices are one of the reasons. Prices are influenced by foreign trade and average price of a kilogram of back beef without bones was 206 CZK in 2013 in Czech Republic. The paper deals with the trends of the most important indicators of beef production with focus on the economic aspect and differences in quality, which significantly affects consumer decision and overall demand for meat in the country.