The economic importance of 18 production and functional traits of Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh dairy cattle in the integrated production system with milking cows and fattening of bulls was estimated as the change in profit per cow, per year and per unitchange in the level of each of the traits. Calculations were separate for economic and production circumstances typical in the Czech Republic in 2005 (milk quota) and for the free market situation expected in 2015. In both scenarios, highest economic importance was obtained for milk yield and somatic cell score.