Germany is the EU´s largest milk producer, contributing 4.3% of world milk production. As in the Czech Republic and on average in EU countries, the average milk yield (the 13th highest in world) has been increasing in recent years, which has increased overall milk supply. The average farm size (46 to 435 cows per farm), stocking rate (8 to 35 cows per 100 hectares of farmland), milk yield (8 to 10 thousand litres per cow per year) and the farm gate milk price (EUR 44.53 to EUR 48.73/100 kg in 2024) differ from one federal state to another. For five sets of farms from five different states located in the former West Germany, the cost of milk production was calculated and ranged from 12.13 to 14.22 CZK per litre. Bavaria, which has the largest number of dairy cows and the smallest farm size, had above-average farm-gate milk prices but also higher average costs per litre compared to the other states involved in the monitoring. In Germany, due to the overall higher price level (higher labour prices, etc.), the cost of milk production is higher (by 21%) compared to the Czech Republic.