The economic success of dairy herds is largely influenced by the health status of cows. In most herds, a large proportion of dairy cows are culled for health reasons, dominated mainly by mastitis and feet and legs diseases. The main consequence of the disease is reduced milk production and increased veterinary costs, resulting in lower milk sales revenue and higher costs. In the Czech Republic, for 2024, the average annual cost per dairy cow with disease incidence is estimated at CZK 12,000 for mastitis and CZK 10,000 for feet and legs diseases. A significant part of the losses is due to increased veterinary costs, which for farms in the Czech Republic in the ten-year period amounted to an average of CZK 3 127 per cow and year and CZK 0.37 per litre of milk sold, which represents about 4% of the annual cost of milk production.