The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection of boxes for calves in the period of milk nutrition. Microbial contamination of the surface of the 10 calves housing was determined by swabbing the surface area immediately after the weaning calves, after the mechanical cleaning, after the foam washing (alkaline detergent) and the disinfection (iodine solution). In individual samples were determined the total bacteria count (TBC) in accordance with the Czech national standards. Health and body weight were monitored regularly in 33 calves. The experimental data were analyzed by the StatSoft statistical package. The total bacteria count after removal of calves moved on the inner wall surface of individual boxes from 3.0×104 CFU.10 cm-2 surface. Mechanical cleaning decreased the TBC about 85%. The efficiency of foam washing with followed by disinfection of surfaces of individual boxes reached 96%.