In the context of bovine mastitis, antimicrobials are used to treat clinical mastitis during lactation and also to prevent new infections. The massive and often indiscriminate use of antibiotics in dairy farms is a serious problem associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, there is a need to develop non-antibiotic alternatives. The aim of this paper is to present new options for the treatment and prevention of mastitis without the use of antibiotics. Specifically, the presentation focuses on the use of antimicrobial enzymes, plant extracts, bacteriocins and other alternatives for the treatment of mammary gland infections of bacterial origin.