The article addresses the issue of calf rearing in individual housing systems within dairy cattle farming. It examines two major concerns associated with individual housing: gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases, both of which are highly prevalent in intensive dairy farming and rank among the leading causes of mortality in dairy calves. In addition to discussing these diseases and their etiological agents, the article also highlights changes in behaviour observed in affected calves and provides an overview of risk factors and preventive measures that should be implemented.