In the Czech Republic, as in most EU countries, cattle breeding one of the major livestock sector. Over the past ten years in the Czech Republic number of cattle decreased, but increased milk yield and thus slightly increases milk production. The condition for maintaining and further developing is an economic profitability of production. In the group of farms for 2015, the milk yield of cows ranged between 5,484 and 11,089 liters per cow with an average of 8,334 liters (market production of 8080 liters). The results of the indicators of reproduction shows that higher levels of pregnancy reaching cows and heifers Czech Fleckvieh breed, which is a also achieved shortest calving interval (389 days). In a group of 86 farms in the Czech Republic total costs for 2015 was CZK 8.99 per liter of milk, CZK 199 per feeding day and 72.6 thousand CZK per cow. Due to the unfavorable purchase price of milk (in group of farms CZK 7.79/l) was reported at considerable variability between companies achieved an average loss of 0.74 CZK/l (which include subsidies in the loss of CZK 0.08/l). From 2006 to 2015 increased in group of farms cost per cow by 17%. The rising level of costs accompanied by increasing milk yield and total cost of milk production in the years 2006-2015 the average amount of CZK 9.