In the Czech Republic (CR) dairy cow numbers fell from 1.248 million in 1989 to 384,000 in 2009, which negatively influences the utilization of permanent grasslands (about 975,000 ha and 22.8 % of agricultural land). Due to the global economic crisis the farmer milk price in the CR, as well as in other countries, dropped by 20 to 30 % up to 18 to 20 € per 100 kg. This is about 10 to 15 € below production costs. The considerable economic loss is the main reason why many Czech farms ceased milk production. This situation is unfavourable in the light of production (milk, live and beef cattle) and non-productive functions (landscape maintenance, soil erosion protection etc.) and the observance of the common agricultural policy rules.