hand use in free-ranging aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis) in Madagascar was observed. The results were compared with those of studies on hand laterality in captive aye-ayes. It was argued that patterns of hand preference in wild aye-ayes are comparable to those of captive ones and that discrepancies between studies are?at least partly?caused by different ways of collecting and processing data. The proportion of right- to left-preferent animals was very close to 1:1. Hand preference was consistent for two of the most frequent behaviors, tapping and probing with fingers. Reaching and holding objects in hands is rare in aye-ayes, and the patterns of hand use in aye-ayes are therefore not directly comparable with those of other prosimians in whichlaterality has been studied. No effect of sex on hand preference was detected and was unable to determine whether there is an effect of age. The posture adopted by the animals did not influence hand preference.