In the context of bovine mastitis, antimicrobials are regularly used to treat clinical mastitis during lactations and to prevent new infections during dry periods of dairy cows. The massive and often unreasonable use of antibiotics in dairy farming is a serious problem associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Therefore, there is now an urgent need for extensive research to find non-antibiotic alternatives. This paper focuses on the use of vaccines, plant-derived substances, cytokines, nanoparticles and bacteriocins.