The bovine genes TLR4 and TLR5, which encode antibacterial toll like receptors of the innate immune system, were screened for polymorphisms in Czech Red Pied (Czech Simmental) cattle to identify variants associated with reproduction, udder health and milk production traits, namely, milk fat percentage, fat yield, protein percentage and protein yield, total milk yield, somatic cell score, udder health index, milkability, lactation persistency, incidence of cystic ovaries, early reproductive disorders, calving ease, maternal calving ease, production longevity, and calf vitality index.