Milk production has a long tradition in the Czech Republic (CR) and has always been considered an integral part of livestock production and the entire agricultural sector. However, a reassessment of factors related to milk production economics is needed due to continuing genetic improvements within main dairy breeds and changes in farm management and economic environment. There is a lack of information concerning milk production economics for different cattle breeds and according to the level of milk yields. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of economic indicators between 2016 and 2021 on Czech dairy farms using the data obtained by means of questionnaires.