On 1 June 2023, a workshop entitled „Options for increasing the profitability of milk production under precision farming“ was held at the Institute of Animal Science. The workshop was attended by more than 50 participants from the livestock practice, scientific sphere and the state administration. In the first lecture, the author presented the current situation on the dairy market. The following paper deal with the issue of milk production costs in the Czech Republic and the results from farms for 2022 were presented. The author of the next presentation deal with the comparison of economic results of typical farms in the EU. In the following presentation, the author deal in detail key indicators of dairy cow efficiency. An economically important sphere is reproduction, for which focus of the next presentation. In the next presentation, the speaker presented several projects implemented under the Rural Development Programme, which addressed the development of innovations in agricultural production and their economic impact. In the last lecture, the author talked about the development and possible applications of image analysis in cattle breeding.