The appropriate level of reproduction plays a key role in dairy cows farming, as it is closely linked to milk production and therefore has a significant impact on the overall results of the farm. In the long term, however, the desired reproductive results have not been achieved for many reasons. In order to optimise this, many breeders are using the widespread application of hormonal preparations based on synchronisation protocols. However, despite the increasing consumption of drugs, the desired improvement in reproductive parameters is not being achieved. A promising option seems to be the inclusion of specific preventive steps, such as the evaluation of the metabolic state of animals or detailed sonographic diagnosis of the genital organs, leading to an improvement in the health status of animals, which significantly affects the reproductive results.