The Czech Republic has long been self-sufficient in beef production. Around 1.4 million cattle are breed in the Czech Republic, since 2004 numbers have fallen slightly, but the as a consequence decline in the area of agricultural land increase in breeding intensity. In recent years, the total number of slaughtering cattle has decreased significantly and thus domestic beef production in carcass weight. At the same time, however, domestic consumption has also decreased, so that the overall level of self-sufficiency has not changed much over the evaluation period. For beef, as the only one of the main types of meat, self-sufficiency in the Czech Republic is above 100 % in the long term, i.e. the Czech Republic is self-sufficient in beef production. Sufficient food self-sufficiency makes it possible to reduce the country’s dependence on imports and to offer Czech consumers quality food from Czech farms. Like the Czech Republic, the EU as a whole is on average self-sufficient in beef production. Exports of live cattle outside the EU exceed imports. Our own calculations show that in 2021, 14 EU countries had a self-sufficiency of more than 100 % (the highest being Lithuania, Poland and Ireland) and only 10 countries had higher consumption than production.