Milk is one of the most important agricultural commodities worldwide, and the same is true in EU countries, including the Czech Republic. For the Czech Republic, as for other countries, the question of self-sufficiency in milk production is important, which is also linked to the supply of jobs in associated sectors. To ensure self-sufficiency is important economic advantage of production which, in addition to milk prices and subsidies, is largely conditioned by good results in production, reproduction, herd turnover, etc. The aim was to assess the evolution of the most important indicators of milk production on a set of holstein cattle farms over the past ten years (2012 to 2021) using data from 33 to 62 farms in each year. As the results of our own analysis have shown, a number of indicators have improved over the last decade on selected holstein dairy farms. This concerns mainly the economically important parameters of milk yield per cow, the content of the main components of milk, the number of somatic cells, fertility results, birth rate and others. However, in the coming period, farmers will have to deal with a significant increase in input costs and the economics of production may also be affected by the rules of the new CAP.