This paper deals with dairy cows nutrition at the time of dry period and after parturition. So-called transition period (3 weeks before the parturition and 3 weeks after it) is the most complicated period, in which hormonal changes influence feed intake.Resulting from the trials comparing feed rations of different content of crude protein (CP) it is evident reducing of CP at the first 100 days of lactation is not suitable. The author then shows the principles for completing the feed ration in dry period.