A positive as well as a negative tendency are detected in cattle breeding especially in recent few years. Main production diseases – mastitis, lame, bad reproduction – are increasing in the present time. Our as well as European breeders are focusing on another problem, too. The problem is an increasing frequency of early calf losses. An early detection of complicated birth is important; especially in animals at risk (bought heifers, heifers with inadequate weight, body frame, cows with metabolic deseases, with BCS lower than 2.5 and higher than 4.0 etc.). In case of a non-viable calf the methods of resuscitation and oxygen therapy are described in the text. Furthermore the procedures during 1 hour after calving are specified (temperature checking, hypotermia elimination, colostrum intake).