The aim of the paper is analysis of the effect of probiotics on the growth, health and prevention of calf diseases during the milk feeding period. Monitoring was carried out on one farm in 24 calves of the Holstein breed housed in pairs from the 8th day of age. The experimental group with the addition of probiotics consisted of 12 calves, and the control group also formed of 12 calves, of which always 6 bulls and 6 heifers. Multicomponent probiotics (Bifidobacterium species, Lactobacillus acidophylus, Enterococcus faecium) were added to native milk in a total amount of 5 g once a day from birth to 20 days of age. Qualitative parameters (incidence of diarrhoeal and respiratory diseases) were evaluated by nonparametric tests, quantitative parameters (body weight, gain weight, starter intake, first occurrence of disease, duration of disease, number of episodes of diarrhoeal diseases) by F-test and the paired t-test in the TIBCO Statistica software. The result shows that feeding native milk enriched with multi-component probiotics did not have a statistically significant effect on body weight, but improved starter intake (by +2.0 kg) and subsequently calf growth (by +0.6 kg). The calf diet supplemented with probiotics had no significant effect on the frequency of diarrheal diseases, but it delayed the first occurrence of the disease (by 3.9 days) until later in the age of the calves and significantly shortened the duration of diarrhoea (by 1.8 days). Calves with supplementation of probiotics had a significantly (p < 0.05) lower incidence of respiratory diseases (by 75%) up to the 30th day of calf age. The first occurrence of respiratory diseases in these calves was insignificantly later (by 7 days) and lasted a shorter time (by 5 days) than in calves without the addition of probiotics.