The present study is focused on the analysis of potential pathogens transmission during the calf rearing by means of people, animals, vehicles, contaminated equipment, technological systems, feed, water and bedding, air, wild animals and with the emphasis on the implementation of preventive measures of biosecurity. The basis of preventive precautions is, first of all, the quality of breeding management, based on ensuring an adequate level of now-born calf´s immunity and nursing care, optimizing the breeding environment, nutrition and watering, and then minimizing calf stress and their exposure to pathogens, resulting in the design and development of a herd health plan to protect calf health. Strict adherence to the principles of biosecurity and maintaining a high hygienic standard of rearing is an important prerequisite for maintaining good health and welfare of calves.